Seizes city of Beirut and besieges citadel; presents credentials in Acre, but is met with skepticism;

Filangieri establishes his base in Tyre;

Commune of Acre formed to resist imperial breaches of the constitution.

1232

February March

King of Cyprus brings his army to Syria in support of Ibelin; Cypriot/Ibelin army attempts unsuccessfully to relieve Citadel of Beirut;

April-May

Cypriots loyal to the emperor seize control of Cyprus; imperial forces lift siege of Beirut citadel;

3 May

Imperial forces surprise Cypriot army at Casal Imbert and deliver a humiliating defeat; Henry of Cyprus comes of age;

mid-May

Filangieri lands on Cyprus; begins a reign of terror;

late May

King Henry and Ibelins seize imperial ships and sail for Cyprus;

15 June

Battle of Agridi; decisive Cypriot/Ibelin victory of the imperial army; Filangieri and other imperial knights seek refuge in Kyrenia; siege of Kyrenia begins.

1233

July-August

Kyrenia surrenders to the royal/Ibelin forces; prisoners exchanged.

1235

July

Isabella Plantagenet, sister of Henry III, marries Frederick II;

August

Papal legate places Acre under interdict for failing to support the emperor;

October

Pope rescinds interdict because residents are turning to the Orthodox churches;

Winter

Combined Bulgarian and Nicaean attack on Latin Constantinople defeated.

1236

ca. March

John d’Ibelin, Lord of Beirut, dies of the effects of a riding accident; succeeded by his son Balian of Beirut.

1237

23 March

Death of John de Brienne in Constantinople.

1238