9 October
In Cyprus, King Andrew joins forces with King Hugh of Cyprus, King John of Jerusalem and Prince Bohemond of Antioch;
10 November
Crusaders defeat army of al-Adil decisively at Bethsaida.
1218
10 January
Hugh I of Cyprus dies while on crusade; Philip d’Ibelin elected baillie by the High Court of Cyprus;
February
Second Crusade: departure of German crusaders under Conrad III;
July
New wave of crusaders arrives and sets siege to Damietta on the Nile, with John of Jerusalem dominant commander;
Autumn
Death of Sultan al-Adil; his empire is split between his sons: al-Kamil becoming sultan of Egypt and alMu’azzam, sultan of Syria;
Pope Honorius III sends a legate, Pelagius, to lead Fifth the Crusade, undermining unity of command.
1219
August-September
Principality of Antioch and County of Tripoli come into dynastic union under Bohemond IV;
4-5 November
St Francis of Assissi arrives and visits the sultan of Cairo;
Damietta finally surrenders to the crusaders.
1220
March
Al-Muazzam, sultan of Damascus, sacks Caesarea, revealing weakness of Jerusalem’s defences during the crusade in Egypt;
April
John de Brienne abandons Fifth the Crusade and returns to defend his kingdom;
22 November
Frederick II Hohenstaufen crowned Holy Roman Emperor.
1221
July
