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Start of the War of St Sabas between the Venetians and Genoese.

1256

 

Mongols destroy the Assassins;

 

 

End of hostilities between Venetians and Genoese.

1258

10 February

Mongols capture Baghdad, execute Abbasid caliph; end of the Abbasid caliphate;

 

10 June

Oxford Provisions adopted in England.

1260

25 January

Mongols capture and sack Aleppo;

 

2 March

Mongols capture and sack Damascus;

 

3 September

Mamluks defeat the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut;

 

24 October

Baybars murders Sultan Qutuz and assumes his place as ruler of the Mamluk empire.

1261

13 June

Baybars re-establishes the Abbasid caliphate at Cairo;

 

25 July

Greeks recover Constantinople.

1264

14 May

Battle of Lewes; victory of Simon de Montfort over Henry III.

1265

 

Mamluks capture Caesarea, Haifa and Arsuf, thus cutting the Kingdom of Jerusalem in half;

 

January-March

Simon de Montfort’s Parliament held in England;

 

4 August

Simon de Montfort defeated and killed at the Battle of Evesham.

1266

 

Charles d’Anjou, brother of King Louis IX, defeats Manfred of Hohenstaufen and is crowned king of Sicily;

 

 

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