Cooney, Remembering Inez, 74.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 23
Cooney, Remembering Inez, 70.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 24
Thirteen: France, 1916
Jill Frahm, “The Hello Girls: Women Telephone Operators with the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I,” Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 3, no. 3 (July 2004): 274.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 1
Beth A. Behn, “Woodrow Wilson’s Conversion Experience: The President and the Federal Woman Suffrage Amendment” (PhD diss., University of Massachusetts Amherst, February 2012), 1.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 2
Kasia Pilat, “Overlooked No More: Grace Banker, Whose ‘Hello Girls’ Decoded Calls in World War I,” New York Times, May 15, 2019.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 3
Elizabeth Cobbs, “Fighting on Two Fronts: World War One, Women’s Suffrage, and John Pershing’s ‘Hello Girls,’ ” South Central Review 34, no. 3 (2017): 41.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 4
Elizabeth Cobbs, The Hello Girls: America’s First Women Soldiers (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2017), 104–5.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 5
Cobbs, Hello Girls, 77–78.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 6
Cobbs, “Fighting on Two Fronts,” 40.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 7
Telephone Engineer, 1918–07, vol. 20, no. 1, Questex, LLC, 49.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 8
Cobbs, Hello Girls, 154.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 9
War Department Technical Manual TM 11–410, The Homing Pigeon, War Department, January 1945, Section V: Training, Training for Messenger Service.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 10
Livia Gershon, “How Pigeons Helped Fight World War I,” JSTOR Daily, July 26, 2021, https://daily.jstor.org/how-pigeons-helped-fight-world-war-i/.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 11
Frank A. Blazich Jr., “Feathers of Honor,” Army History, U.S. Army Center of Military History, no. 117 (Fall 2020): 32–51.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 12
Irving Werstein, The Lost Battalion (New York: Norton, 1966), 138.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 13
Werstein, Lost Battalion, 142.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 14
“Epic in the Argonne: The Story of the Lost Battalion,” United States World War I Centennial Commission, https://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/233-lost-battalion.html.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 15
“Cher Ami, Soldier Bird, Comes Home,” New York Herald, April 17, 1919, 8.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 16
“The Lost Battalion and Overseas Jazzophiends,” Elmira Star-Gazette, March 3, 1920, 2.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 17
Alexis N. Hill, “Hello Girls—Women Telephone Operators during WWI,” The Unwritten Record, National Archives, March 30, 2021, https://unwritten-record.blogs.archives.gov/2021/03/30/hello-girls-women-telephone-operators-during-wwi/.
