“We’ve had ten oocyte thaw cycles”: Margaret Ryan, vice president of Communications at Kindbody, email messages to the author, April 18, 2022, and October 10, 2023.
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“credits private equity”: Anna Louie Sussman, “The Promise and Perils of the New Fertility Entrepreneurs,” New Yorker, May 19, 2021, newyorker.com/tech/annals-of-technology/the-promise-and-perils-of-the-new-fertility-entrepreneurs.
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“volume-driven”: Sussman, “The Promise and Perils of the New Fertility Entrepreneurs.”
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Studies in: Kiri Beilby, Ingrid Dudink, Deanna Kablar, Megan Kaynak, Sanduni Rodrigo, and Karin Hammarberg, “The Quality of Information About Elective Oocyte Cryopreservation (EOC) on Australian Fertility Clinic Websites,” Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 60, no. 4 (2020): 605–609, doi.org/10.1111/ajo.13174; Zeynep B. Gürtin and Emily Tiemann, “The Marketing of Elective Egg Freezing: A Content, Cost and Quality Analysis of UK Fertility Clinic Websites,” Reproductive Biomedicine and Society Online 12 (2020): 56–68, doi.org/10.1016/j.rbms.2020.10.004.
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more persuasive: Christopher Barbey, “Evidence of Biased Advertising in the Case of Social Egg Freezing,” New Bioethics 23, no. 3 (2017): 195–209, doi.org/10.1080/20502877.2017.1396033.
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fudge the numbers: Jessica Hamzelou, “Fertility Clinics Are Fudging IVF Stats to Look More Successful,” New Scientist, November 29, 2017, newscientist.com/article/mg23631542-700-fertility-clinics-are-fudging-ivf-stats-to-look-more-successful/.
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a form of self-care: Rebecca Grant, “How Egg Freezing Got Rebranded as the Ultimate Act of Self-Care,” The Guardian, September 30, 2020, theguardian.com/us-news/2020/sep/30/egg-freezing-self-care-pregnancy-fertility.
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“Beneath the firm’s Instagrammable aesthetic”: Jackie Davalos, “Embryo Errors, Flooded Clinics: Kindbody and IVF’s Risky Business,” Bloomberg, October 13, 2023, bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-10-13/kindbody-fertility-clinic-embryo-mix-ups-spotlight-ivf-business-risks.
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“Kindbody’s challenges”: Davalos, “Embryo Errors, Flooded Clinics.”
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“Data suggest that”: Michelle J. Bayefsky, Alan H. DeCherney, and Louise P. King, “Respecting Autonomy—A Call for Truth in Commercial Advertising for Planned Oocyte Cryopreservation,” Fertility and Sterility 113, no. 4 (2020): 743–744, doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.12.039.
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“If a woman younger”: Bayefsky et al.,” Respecting Autonomy.”
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aggressive form of: Specifically, triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma. The “triple-negative” meant her cancer wasn’t driven by estrogen, progesterone, or HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, a gene that makes a protein found on the surface of all breast cells).
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Chapter 13
Portions of this chapter, including data from the survey conducted by FertilityIQ, were previously published in The New York Times Magazine on December 11, 2019, under the title “The Unexpected Freedom That Comes with Freezing Your Eggs.”
60 percent reported: B. Hodes-Wertz, S. Druckenmiller, M. Smith, Y. G. Kramer, and N. Noyes, “Beating Biology and Buying Time: An Update Survey of Womens’ Experiences After Oocyte Cryopreservation (OC) for Deferred Reproduction,” Fertility and Sterility 106, no. 3 (2016): e61–e62, doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.07.1079.
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91 percent: Benjamin P. Jones, Lorraine Kasaven, Ariadne L’Heveder, Maria Jalmbrant, Joy Green, Mahmoud Makki, Rabi Odia, et al., “Perceptions, Outcomes, and Regret Following Social Egg Freezing in the UK; A Cross-Sectional Survey,” Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 99, no. 3 (2020): 324–332, doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13763.
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Twenty percent: Jones et al., “Perceptions, Outcomes, and Regret Following Social Egg Freezing in the UK.”
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egg freezing helps women: Eliza Brown and Mary Patrick, “Time, Anticipation, and the Life Course: Egg Freezing as Temporarily Disentangling Romance and Reproduction,” American Sociological Review 83, no. 5 (2018): 959–982, doi.org/10.1177/0003122418796807.
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“hoped to bracket”: Brown and Patrick, “Time, Anticipation, and the Life Course.”
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“has created a new drive”: Peggy Orenstein, Don’t Call Me Princess: Essays on Girls, Women, Sex, and Life (New York: HarperCollins, 2018), 188.
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“Two recessions before”: Hillary Hoffower and Andy Kiersz, “Millennials Make More Money than Any Other Generation Did at Their Age, but Are Way Less Wealthy. The Affordability Crisis Is to Blame,” Insider, September 22, 2021, businessinsider.com/millennials-highest-earning-generation-less-wealthy-boomers-2021-9.
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