biodiversity of, 169–70, 169n, 170n
decline of, 172–73, 187
farming methods, 244–46
otter-kelp connection, 177–78, 184–86
restoration efforts, 173, 180–86, 196–200, 197n
selective cutting of, 185–86
value of, 170–72
keystone (apex) predators, 89–93, 174, 178
killer whales. See orcas
king crabs, 32–34
king penguins, 24, 59
krill, 70–76, 71n, 121, 155–56, 234–35
Lady Shuckers, 244–45
Laminaria kelp, 170
Lamlash Bay, 147–53, 156–57
Lamlash Bay No Take Zone, 151–53, 156–57
Lanes Island Oysters, 245
Layton, Cayne, 199
lemon sharks, 98
Lessepsian migration, 41–42, 41n, 45
Liittschwager, David, 205
Lindisfarne, 161–62
lionfish, 30–31, 39–45, 216
lithium, 257
Lockheed Martin, 255
Lolita (orca), 123–25, 124n
Lulu (orca), 109–10, 111, 114, 119, 278n
Lummi nation, 124–25
lutruwita (Tasmania), 172, 198–200
Lyme Bay, 160–61
mackerel, 51
MacNeish, Dan, 149–51
maerl beds, 150–51, 151n, 153–54
Maersk, 255
Maldives, 213, 213n, 231–33, 233n
manatees, 21, 116
mangrove forests, 161, 194–96, 227, 227n, 239
Marine Reserves Act (Aotearoa), 149
marine snow, xvii, 113
marlin, 38
