52. trepidabant: trepidare, to be agitated, alarmed, anxious.
icti: icere,to strike, hit, stab.
adeo: adv., to such a degree, so, even.
53. stragem: strages, ruin, slaughter.
sarcinarum: sarcina,soldier’s pack, baggage.
54. turba: here, crowding.
deruptae:steep.
55. utrimque: adv., on both sides.
immensum altitudinis: a poetic circumlocution, using the n. adj. as a noun with a PARTITIVE GEN., lit., an immensity of depth = an immense depth.
56. ruinae…modo: in the manner of a falling building.
57. quae: = haec.
58. parumper: adv., for a little while.
61. inde: adv., then, after that, thereupon.
caput: i.e., the principal town.
viculos: viculus,hamlet.
capit et…aluit (62): sc. Hannibal.
62. cibo: cibus, food.
triduum:a period of three days.
63. nono die: i.e., from the time when they began their ascent.
iugum:yoke, ridge.
perventum est: a common impers. vb., where Eng. would say they arrived.
pleraque:very many.
64. errores: here, circuitous routes, detours.
stativa habita: sc. castra, a stationary camp was made.
fessis:tired, exhausted; with militibus, a favorite device of word order in Livy (and in Lat. verse), framing an entire cl. with adj. + modified noun.
67. fessis: sc. eis, dat. with adiecit.
taedio: taedium,weariness, disgust.
nivis: with casus, snow-fall, snow-storm.
68. sidere Vergiliarum: the constellation of the Pleiades, which set toward the end of October, signalling the onset of wintry weather.
69. oppleta: opplere, to fill, cover.
segniter: adv., sluggishly, slowly.
70. pigritia: sluggishness, disinclination (to act).
emineret: eminere,to project, stand out, be conspicuous.
71. praegressus: praegredi, + acc., to precede, go in advance of; Hannibal was likely proceeding on the basis of some special information.
72. consistere iussis militibus…ostentat (73): Eng. would use two vbs. rather than the partic., he ordered them to stop and he showed them… ostentat, to eagerly point out, display, is frequentative or intensive of ostendere, an indication of Hannibal’s mood.
73. subiectos: + dat., lying at the foot of, adjacent to.
circumpadanos:surrounding the Po; from Padus, the Po River, the largest river in northern Italy.
campos: campus,field, plain.
74. eos…transcendere: IND. STATE., like the following inf. phrases, with he said that or some such speech vb. understood.
75. cetera: i.e., the rest (of their journey).
