2.4. h e Panchen Lama, spiritual leader of Tibet 34
2.5. h e Tashilumpho monastery, headquarters of the Panchen Lama
35
2.6. h e notorious Ja-Lama
37
2.7. Mongol warriors during liberation war against the Chinese, 1911–13
38
2.8. A Mongol commander during the liberation war against the Chinese
39
3.1. “Red Merlin” Alexander Barchenko
44
4.1. Gleb Bokii, master of codes
76
4.2. Former building of Commissariat for Foreign Af airs 78
viii
I L L U S T R AT I O N C R E D I T S
4.3. Twelve chiefs of Bolshevik secret police and their boss, Felix Dzerzhinsky
83
4.4. Projected main building of Institute for Experimental Medicine 84
5.1. Boris Shumatsky and Elbek-Dorji Rinchino 106
5.2. Agvan Dorzhiev in his Buddhist Kalachakra temple in St. Petersburg
109
5.3. Buryat pilgrims en route from Siberia to Mongolia 112
5.4. “Mad Baron” Roman von Ungern-Sternberg 118
5.5. Ragtag members of Ungern’s Asian Cavarly Division 119
5.6. h e eighth Bogdo-gegen, leader of Mongol Tibetan Buddhists 121
6.1. Sergei Borisov, head of the Mongol-Tibetan Section of Comintern 128
6.2. Sukhe-Bator, a prominent Bolshevik fellow traveler in Mongolia 132
6.3. Commissar for Foreign Af airs Georgy Chicherin 134
6.4. “Red lama” commissar of new Mongolia with his scribe 137
6.5. Remains of Ja-Lama’s fortress in Gobi Desert 138
7.1. Nicholas Roerich’s inner circle
164
7.2. Nicholas Roerich with Buddhist monks 177
7.3. Nicholas Roerich, wearing his Dalai Lama robe 178
8.1. Nicholas Roerich holding tanka depicting Maitreya 197
8.2. Onward to Lhasa under the Stars and Stripes and the sacred Maitreya banner
198
8.3. Nicholas Roerich with his Shambhala seekers 199
8.4. h e Roerich expedition at the Mongolian border 200
