80. Tyre, A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea, Volume 2, 31–32.

81. Yvonne Friedman, ‘Captivity and Ransom’, in Gendering the Crusades, eds. Susan B. Edgington and Sarah Lambert (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2001), 121.

82. Albert of Aachen, quoted in Yvonne Friedman, ‘Captivity and Ransom’, Gendering the Crusades, 125.

83. Albert of Aachen, quoted in Natasha Hodgson, Women, Crusading, and the Holy Land in Historical Narrative (Woodbridge, UK: Boydell & Brewer, 2007), 97–98.

84. Albert of Aachen, quoted Natasha Hodgson, 97–98.

85. Albert of Aachen, quoted in Friedman, 125.

86. Yvonne Friedman, Encounter between Enemies: Captivity and Ransom in the Latin Kingdom ofJerusalem (Leiden, Netherlands: Brill, 2002), 170.

87. Imad ad-Din, quoted in Arab Historians of the Crusades, trans. Francesco Gabrieli (Oakland: University of California Press, 1957), 163.

88. Fulcher of Chartes, quoted in Friedman, 171.

89. Friedman, Encounter between Enemies, 172.

90. Albert of Aachen, quoted in Hodgson, 148 .

91. Ibn al-Athir, quoted in John Gillingham, ‘Crusading Warfare, Chivalry and the Enslavement of Women and Children’, in The Medieval Way of War, ed. Gregory Halfond (London: Routledge, 2019), 10.

92. Ibn al-Athir, quoted in Malcolm Barber, The Crusader States (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2012), 308.

93. Friedman, Encounter between Enemies, 179.

94. Ibn al-Athir quoted in P.M. Holt, The Crusader States and their Neighbours (London: Pearson Longman, 2004), 61.

95. Friedman, ‘Captivity and Ransom’, 130.

96. Pernoud, Women in the Days of the Cathedrals, 7.

97. Both Arab sources are cited in Nial Christie’s Muslims and Crusaders: Christianity’s Wars in the Middle East, 1095–1382, From the Islamic Sources (London: Routledge, 2014), 83.

98. James M. Powell, ‘Preface’, in Gendering the Crusades, eds., Susan B. Edgington and Sarah Lambert (Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2001), vii.

99. Steve Tibble, The Crusader Armies (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2018), 185.

100. Tyre, A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea, Volume 2, 44.

101. Tyre, A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea, Volume 2, 53.

102. Tyre, A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea, Volume 2, 44.

103. Thomas Asbridge, ‘Alice of Antioch: a case study of female power in the twelfth century’, in The Experience of Crusading: Defining the Crusader Kingdom (Cambridge University Press, 2003), 29–47.

104. Hamilton, ‘Queen Alice of Cyprus’, 229.

105. Novare, The Wars of Frederick II against the Ibelins in Syria and Cyprus, 63.

106. Chronique de Terre Sainte quoted by Hamilton, Queen Alice of Cyprus, 231.

107. Tyre, A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea, Volume 2, 213.

108. Ibid.

109. Ibid.

110. Tyre, A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea, Volume 2, 277.

111. The Lyon Continuation of William of Tyre, 127, paragraph 149.

112. The Lyon Continuation of William of Tyre, 127, paragraph 150.

113. The Lyon Continuation of William of Tyre, 128, paragraph 152.

114. Novare, The Wars of Frederick II against the Ibelins in Syria and Cyprus, 77.

115. Novare, The Wars of Frederick II against the Ibelins in Syria and Cyprus, 106.

116. Novare, The Wars of Frederick II against the Ibelins in Syria and Cyprus, 106.

117. Novare, The Wars of Frederick II against the Ibelins in Syria and Cyprus, 143.

118. Novare, The Wars of Frederick II against the Ibelins in Syria and Cyprus, 142–143.

119. Novare, The Wars of Frederick II against the Ibelins in Syria and Cyprus, 151.

120. Novare, The Wars of Frederick II against the Ibelins in Syria and Cyprus, 152.

121. Jean de Joinville, 202.

122. Itinerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi. Chpt. 63, p.124.

123. The Lyon Continuation of William of Tyre, 95–96, paragraph 104.

124. Guy Perry, John of Brienne: King of Jerusalem, Emperor of Constantinople, c. 1175–1237, (Cambridge University Press, 2013), 135.

125. Orderic Vitalis, quoted in trans. Hans Eberhard Mayer, ‘Angevins versus Normans: The New Men of King Fulques of Jerusalem’, in Kings and Lords in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, (Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, 1994), IV, 3.

126. William of Tyre, quoted in translation by Bernard Hamilton; and ‘Women in the Crusader States: The Queens of Jerusalem (1100–1190)’, in Medieval Women, ed. Derek Baker (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1978), 150.

127. Tyre, A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea, Volume 2, 283.

128. Tyre, A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea, Volume 2, 416.

129. Bernard Hamilton, The Leper King and His Heirs: Baldwin IV and the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem, (Cambridge University Press, 2000), 218.