Mesopotamia 74

Pirahã 279, 281–2

shell beads 264–7

tallies and 42

Tiglath-Pileser I and 87

Tongan 250

trans-Saharan 151

triangular numbers 152

Trukese 251

Tu‘i Tonga chiefs 246

Tukulti-Ninurta I 86

typewriter 209, 217

Umayyad caliphate 148, 157

umbisag (accountant or scribe) 79–80

University of Tübingen, Germany 19

al-Uqlidisi, ‘the Euclidean’ 149, 150, 154, 155

Uruk 72–80, 75, 84, 85–7

USA: population census in 206–14, 210

Van De Mieroop, Marc 80

Vedas 136–8

Vigila (monk) 157

Vijjadavida, India 142

Vikramaditya VI, King 142

Visigoths 161

voting 101–11, 103

Wappo 264, 265

Waxaklahun-Ubah-K’awil, King 270–8

weather observation 173–81, 178

webtoons 215–16, 216, 218, 220–4

Western Chalukya Empire 142

wild number lines 31–62, 33, 42, 45, 47, 99

beads see beads

butchery marks see butchery marks

hands see hands

order of emergence 62

words see words, counting

Wokox (Southeastern Pomo informant) 264

Woleai, Central Carolines 251

Wood, Thomas 200–1, 204

World Wide Web 218

writing

counting before 31–62, 33, 41, 45, 48

number symbols and see number symbols

number words see number words

origins of 69–98, 75, 89, 93, 272

written calculation, first 82

Xagiopai, Amazonia 279–85

year, counting days and weeks in 112–17, 113

yojana (Sanskrit astronomy unit of distance in the region of twelve kilometres) 138–9

YouTube 220–1, 223, 252