trawl nets and, 263

dugongs, 21, 93

DuPont, 116

eelgrass meadows, 179–80, 192–94. See also seagrass meadows

eels, 90

Eisert, Regina, 155–56

elasmobranchs, 87. See also rays; skates

electric vehicle batteries, 256–57

elephant seals, xiii, xiiin, 71, 134–35, 135n

Elkhorn Slough, 179

Elvis worms, 164, 164n

Emily’s Oysters, 245

emperor penguins

colonies of, 62–66

courtship and mating, 57–58

early study of, 59–62

extinction possibility, 68–70, 77–78

feathers of, 56–59

prehistoric lineage of, 23–24

Environmental Protection Agency, 117

European Chemicals Agency, 117

experimental (assisted) evolution, 220–22

extinction. See mass extinction events

FADs (fish aggregating devices), 143

farmed seafood, 244–47, 251

finning, 104–8

fin whales, 23, 51, 72, 121

Firth of Clyde (Lamlash Bay), 147–53, 156

Fish aggregating devices (FADs), 143

fishing and farming (sustainable), 131–46

blockchain ledgers for, 251

consumer prices and, 249–50

of elephant seals, 134–35

future directions for, 144–46

laboratory-grown seafood, 250–51

of Nassau grouper, 131–34

personal responsibility, 258–59

regenerative farms, 244–47, 251

for whaling industry, 145–46

fishing industry (commercial)

blockchain ledgers for, 251

bluefin tuna, 126, 137–41, 143, 144–45, 171

consumer prices and, 249–50

foreign permits, 248–49

human trafficking, 248

krill, 74–75, 155–56, 234–35

of Nassau grouper, 133–34

of octopuses, 262–63

in protected areas, 166–67

remixing seas and, 46–47