Pomo groups 264, 268

Sanskrit 134, 136–40, 143, 146, 149, 155, 158–9, 163

Semitic 85, 95, 119, 148

sign language 54

South Asia and 136, 141

Sumerian 72–3, 77, 78, 81, 85, 86–7, 95, 96

Tocharian 140

Tongan 2, 244–52, 245

Yup’ik 260

Las Navas de Tolosa, battle of (1212) 153

Latin 59, 99, 114, 116, 117, 120, 121, 126–7, 134, 136–7, 154, 155, 157–64

Laussel, Dordogne, woman of 44–6, 45, 64

leap years 160

leaves 244–50, 245

Leibniz, Gottfried 3, 12

Leonardo of Pisa 117

letters

Arabic 148–9, 152–4, 155

Greek 105–6, 154, 155, 158

Hebrew 160, 162

Sanskrit 139

lichang (chief, alderman) 189

likes, social media 2, 215–24, 216

Linear A, Minoan Crete 148

Little Ice Age 256

logograph 190–1, 272

Lombards 131

long count calendar 270–8, 271

Louis XIV, King 130

lunar calendars 44, 46

macaques 13, 16, 23, 24

machines, counting 4, 5, 6, 185, 186–224, 225

abacus see abacus

beads see beads

cash register 217

computer 217–18

counting board see counting board

counting rods see counting rods

East Asia 5, 186–206, 215–24

Electric Tabulation Machine 204–6, 205

Hollerith tabulator 206–14, 210

internet 215–16, 218–10

mental calculation and 202–3

punched-card machines 204–5, 208–9, 212, 213–14, 217, 220

social media platforms 215–16, 218, 220–1

soroban/suanpan 186, 196–203, 198, 289

webtoons 215–16, 216, 218, 220–4

See also individual machine name

Maes, Nicolaes: The Account Keeper 166–8, 167

Maghrib 151, 155, 170