211, 224, 281– 282n21

at West Point, 234– 236

Visual learning style, 144, 145

University of California, Los

Angeles, 170

Washington University, 14, 209,

University of Georgia, 60,

236; Medical School of, 56

222

Weatherford, Jack, 189

University of New Mexico,

Wehrenberg, Jon, 36

14

Wenderoth, Mary Pat, 126, 208,

University of Southern Califor-

228– 234, 236, 283n6; class

nia, 216

structure used by, 232– 233,

University of Washington,

236; learning paragraphs used

228

by, 89, 210, 232; summary

sheets used by, 208, 231

Varied practice, 4, 51– 53, 65– 66;

West Point Military Academy,

anagram study of, 52– 53,

234– 236

264– 265n6; beanbag study

White matter, 169– 170

of, 46, 51; of bird identifi ca-

Working memory: in brain

tion, 55; of cognitive skills,

training exercises, 176, 177;

52– 53; of discrimination

capacity of, 91, 176, 196;

skills, 53– 55, 101; effort in,

encoding of information in,

47, 81; of football team, 61,

100; and fl uid intelligence,

62; habit strength in, 63, 65;

176– 178; number of digits

of lifelong learners, 219;

available in, 196; test

massed practice compared

anxiety affecting, 91, 92

to, 47, 53– 55; mastery in,

Writer’s block, 220– 221

84; in medical education, 58;

Write- to- learn, 89– 90, 269n15;

of motor skills, 46, 51– 52,